Difference between revisions of "Mount points/2.0"

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Revision as of 01:30, 18 May 2017

The problem

A mount namespace is a tree of mount points. In addition, mounts have another type of dependencies which is called groups. Each mount can be a member of two groups, it can be a slave in one group and a member of another group. Currently groups can’t be set, it can be only inherited from a source mount. It is always a problem when you need to restore this sort of properties. This means that we have to find a sequence of steps to get a required step. In case of mount namespaces, one more problem is over-mounts. A few mounts may be over-mounted or processes can have file descriptors which are linked with over-mounted files. Another difficulty is that we are not able to create bind-mounts between namespaces, but each file system have to be mounted from a specified user namespace.

The solution

When we see all these variation of commands to build a mount tree, we can understand that the final picture may be very complicated to be repeated, so we suggest to add a new flag to the mount() syscall, which allows us to add a mount into an existing group.

In this case the restore algorithm will be very simple. Create a temporary mount which is called “root yard” Create all namespaces (in specified user namespaces) Add root yards from all namespaces into one shared group, so a mount is created in one mntns, will be propagated into others. Create all mounts in separate directories in the root yards. Restore opened files (nothing is over-mounted at this point) Build mount trees in namespaces by moving mounts to right places Do pivot_root() in all namespaces

Let’s look at the next example:

mnt_id parent shared master
1 0
2 1 1
3 2 2
4 2 3
5 1
6 0
7 6 1
8 7 2
9 7 4 3
10 6

The origin tree looks like this:

Mntns-2.0-tree.svg

The first stage is to restore all mounts in all namespace separately. In addition, we need to create all shared groups.

Mntns-2.0-tree-2.svg

The next step is to move mounts to proper places to restore a tree and then we restore groups for each mount.

Mntns-2.0-tree-3.svg


Restore of unix sockets

Unix sockets can be bound to a file. The problem is that an address and a file are not connected between each other in term of unix sockets. For example, if you move a socket file, ss shows the origin address and you can’t find a file where the socket is bound. Another example is that an address may contain a relative path (../socket_name).

Currently socket_diag shows a device and an inode number for a socket file, but it says nothing about a path to this file and about its mount point. We can introduce a new ioctl, which will return a file descriptor to a socket file. In this case to restore a unix socket we have to: create a temporary directory and mount tmpfs into it before restoring sockets Restore sockets create a socket address directory where is the last part is a symlink to a proper directory on a required mount point call chroot() to the temporary directory bind the socket to a specified address if we restored a server socket, we can get a file descriptor for its file and use it to restore client sockets by calling connect() for /proc/self/fd/[SK_FILE_FD] umount tmpfs from the temporary directory and remove the directory after restoring all sockets